分子标记技术在昆虫入侵研究中的应用

Application of molecular markers in studies of insect invasion

遗传变异与种群持续性及其进化潜力密切相关,而生物入侵导致种群遗传变异或遗传多样性的改变为研究自然界中各种生态和进化问题提供了理想模式。分子标记技术是调查种群遗传变异的重要工具,揭示了入侵种的入侵过程和结果,并预测未来的发生情况。本综述归纳了分子标记技术在昆虫入侵机制研究中的应用,以典型的研究个案为例,分别综述了分子标记技术在隐蔽入侵的监测应用,分子标记技术在重构入侵历史研究中的推算方式,分子标记技术在探索种群遗传变异与成功入侵机制方面取得的重要进展,并进一步介绍了高分辨率熔解曲线(high-resolution melting,HRM)分析在昆虫入侵研究中的应用前景。

Genetic variations are closely related to population persistence and evolutionary potential,and the changes in genetic variation due to biological invasions may provide ideal model to resolve various ecological and evolutionary issues in nature. Molecular markers are powerful tools by which we can investigate the ecological and evolutionary impacts of invasive species. These approaches enable the processes,consequences and future expectations of biological invasions to be identified. To introduce the research progress of the applications of molecular markers in insect invasion,we have highlighted studies that have used molecular markers to address various ecological and evolutionary aspects of biological invasions,including detection and monitoring of cryptic invasion,estimating method for refactoring invasion histories,and the important research progress in the mechanisms of population genetic variation and successful invasion,selected typical cases to illustrate the research areas that are particularly relevant,and reviewed the application prospects of high-resolution melting（ HRM） analysis in studying insect invasion.