路易斯安娜鸢尾杂交育种技术初探

Preliminary Study on the Cross Breeding Technology of Louisiana Irises

路易斯安娜鸢尾观赏价值高、应用形式多样,可在我国华东地区常绿越冬,是一种较好的鸢尾属育种材料。本文初步探讨了路易斯安娜鸢尾的杂交技术,包括杂交授粉方法、杂交果实收获与种子筛选及促进杂交种子萌发的方法。在离体胚培养条件下,24h后胚根一端开始膨大,48h后胚变为黄绿色,4d后胚发生向地性弯曲,30d内萌发率达到89.50%,较露地播种提高约84.20%(30d露地播种萌发率为5.30%)。实验证实,无菌播种是促进路易斯安娜鸢尾杂交种子萌发的有效方法。

Louisiana Irises is an ideal breeding material of Iris with high ornamental value and various applications, which can keep green in winter in eastern China. The paper carries out some preliminary study on the cross breeding technology of Louisiana Irises, including methods of hybridization pollination, hybrid fruits＇ harvest, seed selection and methods which can promote hybrid seeds germination. Under the condition of embryo cultured in vitro, the seedling radical swelled after being cultured 24h, embryo turned to yellow-green after being cultured 48h and started geotropism bending. The germination rate reached 89.50% which was improved by 84.20% from outdoor sowing after being cultured 30d（germination rate of outdoor sowing was 5.30% at the same time）. It is proved that germfree semination in vitro can be an effective method for promoting germination rate of hybrid seeds of Louisiana Irises.