水通道蛋白4与脑水肿的研究进展

Research Progress on the Correlation between Aquaporin-4 and Brain Edema

水通道蛋白4(AQP4)是一种脑内主要的水通道蛋白,它广泛表达于星形胶质细胞膜表面、室管膜细胞外侧基膜等部位。AQP4在脑内的这种分布特点表明,它对水进出脑组织起调节作用,在脑水肿形成和消除过程中都起重要作用,调节其在脑内的表达可以为脑水肿及水代谢疾病提供分子水平的理论依据,对脑出血、脑缺血、脑积水、肿瘤、颅脑外伤等疾病的治疗具有重要意义。

Aquaporin-4（ AQP4） is a water-channel protein expressed strongly in the brain,predominantly distributed in basolateral membranes of ependymal cells and in the plasma membranes of astrocytes. Such characteristics of distribution suggests that AQP4 controls water fluxes into and out of the brain,and plays a major role in the formation and elimination of brain edema after brain damage. The modulation of AQP4 expression can provide a theoretical basis on the molecular level for cerebral edema and water metabolic diseases,and may be beneficial to the treatment for several cerebral disorders,including cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral ischemia,hydrocephalus,tumor,and traumatic brain injury.