入伍新兵冬训中肺炎支原体感染情况调查研究

Research for the Infection of Mycoplasma Pneumonia in the Recruit Training in Winter

目的调查北京周边部队新兵集训期间呼吸道肺炎支原体(MP)的感染情况,为预防MP感染提供病原依据。方法北京军区总医院于2012年(12月至次年1月)、2013年(11月)连续2年对北京周边部队3个(A、B、C)营区中患上呼吸道感染的577例入伍新兵进行MP流行病学调查,应用快速培养法对出现咳嗽、咳痰、鼻塞、流涕、咽痛等呼吸道症状的新兵咽部分泌物行MP抗原的检测。比较2012年与2013年中不同籍贯、不同营区新兵MP抗原阳性率的差异。结果 2012、2013年阳性检出率分别为16.61%(48/289)、13.54%(39/288),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2012年南方籍与北方籍新兵MP阳性率(17.81%,15.38%)、2013年南方籍与北方籍新兵MP阳性率(10.75%,14.87%)、南方籍2012年与2013年新兵MP阳性率(17.81%,10.75%)、北方籍2012年与2013年新兵MP阳性率(15.38,14.87%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2012年A营区MP阳性率(30.43%、28/92)明显高于B营区(13.22%,16/121)、C营区(5.26%,4/76),2013年A营区MP阳性率(21.93%,25/114)明显高于B营区(6.76%,5/74),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0125)。2年同一营区间新兵MP阳性率的比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MP感染是入伍新兵呼吸道感染的重要病原体,应引起高度重视。

Objective To explore the infection of mycoplasma pneumonia（ MP） during recruit training around Beijing and provide the etiological basis for the prevention of MP. Methods Pharyngeal secretions sample was collected from 577 recruits with upper respiratory tract infection in three camps around Beijing by General Hospital of Beijing Command in 2012（ from Dec. 2012 to Jan. 2013） and 2013 year（ November）. In the study,rapid culture was used to detect the antigen of MP of recruits with cough,sputum,nasal congestion,runny nose,sore throat and other respiratory symptoms. The differences of positive rate of MP in different origins and camps in year 2012 and 2013 were compared. Results Positive test rate of MP antigen was16. 61%（ 48 /289） and 13. 54%（ 39 /288） in 2012 and 2013 year,the differences had no statistical significance（ P〉0. 05）. There was no obvious difference（ P〉0. 05） in positive rate of MP between south and north in 2012（ 17. 81%,15. 38%） and 2013（ 10. 75%,14. 87%）,in south（ 17. 81%,10,75%） and north（ 15. 38%,14. 87%） between 2012 and 2013. The positive rate of camp A（ 30. 43%,28 /92） was significantly higher than camp B（ 13. 22%,16 /121） and camp C（ 5. 26%,4 /76） in 2012,the camp A（ 21. 93%,25 /114） was significantly higher than camp B（ 6. 76%,5 /74） in 2013,the differences were statistically significant（ P〉0. 0125）. The differences of positive rate of MP in the same camps between 2012 and 2013 were not statistically significant（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion MP is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection of the new recruits,and close attention should be paid to it.