基于轮轨动力学的道岔尖轨切削方式选型研究

Analysis on Cutting Mode Selection for Switch Blade Based on Wheel-rail System Dynamics

为给不同号码道岔选取合适的尖轨切削方式,以获得较好的行车性能和钢轨磨耗性能,基于轮轨系统动力学建立车辆-转辙器动力耦合模型,分别以18号和42号道岔转辙器为例分析5种尖轨切削方式下轮轨系统的动力响应及钢轨磨耗情况,对影响磨耗指数的相关因素进行计算。结果表明:从动力学角度对各种尖轨切削方式进行评判,可以为尖轨选型提供准确合理的指导;号码较小的18号道岔选择切线型及半切线型尖轨时使用性能较优,钢轨磨耗程度低,相离半切线型尖轨粗壮度大,也可作为主要线型之一;号码较大的42号道岔以半切线型尖轨适用性较强;计算运营中道岔转辙器动力性能时需考虑几何不平顺等因素的影响。

In order to select cutting modes suitable for switch blades of different-number turnouts and so to im-prove train-running performance and rail wearing,the vehicle-switch dynamic coupling model swas etablished on the basis of the wheel-rail system dynamics.Turnouts No.18 and No.42 were taken as examples to analyze wheel-rail dynamic responses and rail wear performance corresponding to five different cutting modes of switch blade,and the relevant factors affecting the wear index were calculated.Results show as follows：Dynamic e-valuation can provide reasonable guidance for selection of the cutting mode of switch blade;for Turnout No.18 of the small number,semi-tangent and tangent switch blades should be selected to realize good turnout per-formance and low rail wear,the separated-semi-tangent switch blade is robust and can also be one of the main line types;for Turnout No.42 of the large number,semi-tangent switch blades have strong applicability;ge-ometry irregularity and some other factors should be taken into calculation of the dynamic responses of turnout switches in operation.