不同鲜烟叶田间优化数量对烤烟生理特性及经济性状的影响

Effects of removed fresh leaf numbers on physiological characteristics and final economic value of flue-cured tobacco

为明确重庆烟区不同鲜烟叶处理技术对烤烟光合生理特性、产量、等级结构及经济性状的影响,选用云烟97品种,研究4种下部不同烟叶摘除数量(0、2、3和4片)对烤烟根系活力和下、中、上3部位叶片叶绿素含量及生理特性的影响。结果表明,摘除下部烟叶能提升烟株根系活力、增加叶绿素含量、提高净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)、延缓光合功能衰退,这种作用随摘除叶片数量的增加而增强,且下部叶受到的影响最大,其次为中部叶,上部叶最小。摘除不同数量烟叶后,前期(10天)叶片的WUE随摘除数量的增加而提高,中后期(24和38天)摘除数量越多WUE越小。摘除叶片对等级结构和经济效益都有不同程度的提高,以打掉3片叶效果最为显著。因此在武隆生态条件下中等肥力土壤上处理下部鲜烟叶时,以打掉3片为宜。

Leaves of Yunyan 97 plants were removed to investigate the effect on root vigor, leaf chlorophyll content and other physiological characteristics. The number of leaves removed were 0, 2, 3 and 4 and yield, grad, economic value were also determined. Results indicated that removing leaves on lower part of plant helped enhancing root vigor, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and transpiration rate （Tr） while delaying photosynthetic function decline. The biggest influence was from removing lower part leaf, followed by middle leaf and upper leaf. At the early stage （10 d）, with the increase of number of removed fresh leaf,water use efficiency （WUE） increased. Grad and economic value were greatly improved when removing three leaves. Removing three leaves is the best agronomy practice under the ecological conditions of Wulong county.