例谈“四三”法在政治高考“图表类”主观题中的运用——“三看”“三比”“三关注”“三要求”

Case Study of the Application of “43 Slugging Method"Chart Type Subjective Questions in Political College Entrance Examination——“Three Reads",“Three Comparisons",“Three Focuses" and“Three Requirements"

全国大多数省市高考政治科目中的题型一般都有表格类、柱状图类、坐标曲线类、饼状图类、复合类等图表类主观题,综合考查学生"获取和解读信息"、"描述和阐释事物"、"论证和探究问题"的能力。此类试题文字量少但信息量大、材料新颖且设问灵活,难度较大,取得高分殊为不易。笔者在长期的教学和考试实践中总结和概括出解答高考政治"图表类"主观题的有效方法——"四三"法,即"三看""三比""三关注""三要求",可帮助学生有效审题和答题。"三看"是指看标题、看内容、看注解,"三比"是指纵比、横比、图表之间比,"三关注"是指关注整题、关注时间、关注时政,"三要求"是指要求全面、要求规范、要求合理。

In most provinces questions in political college entrance examinations include such subjective items as the chart,histogram,coordinate curve,pie chart,and composite chart to test comprehensively students＇ ability to acquire and interpret information,to describe and interpret things,to argue and explore the problem. Such questions provide few words but a large amount of information,with new materials and flexible questions,which makes it more difficult and harder to score high marks. The author,in the long- term teaching and examination practice,summarizes and generalizes an effective way to answer the subjective＂chart type ＂ question,namely,＂543slugging method＂,i. e.＂three reads ＂,＂three comparisons＂,＂three focuses ＂ and＂three requirements＂,to help students effectively understand the topic and answer the question.＂Three reads ＂ refers to reading the title,the content and the annotation,＂three comparisons＂ means horizontal,vertical comparisons and the comparison between charts,＂three focuses ＂ refers to the focus on the topic,on time and current politics,and ＂three requirements＂ refers to the comprehensive and reasonable requirement with specifications.