山西浑源黄芪绿肥的品质评价

Quality Evaluation of Astragalus membranaceus Green Manure in Shanxi Hunyuan

黄芪是豆科黄芪属以根人药的多年生草本植物，3-7a间进行采挖。为了开发利用黄芪在往复的生长周期中被浪费的茎叶部分作为一种绿肥来促进生态农业的可持续发展，以全国有机肥料品质分级标准和高等植物中大量、微量元素的平均含量为依据，对不同年龄不同生长期的黄芪茎叶中粗有机物和全N、全P、全K等12种大量和微量元素的含量进行分析评价。结果表明，粗有机物、全N、全K及Ca，Fe，Cu，Zn，Mo的含量处于高等水平，全P，Mn的含量居中，Mg，S，B的含量较低。评价结果显示，黄芪茎叶的绿肥均为三级以上的绿肥，3年生黄芪茎叶的花期、花蕾期、开花期和果熟期为一级绿肥，结果期和落叶期为二级绿肥；5年生黄芪茎叶中，从苗期至开花期为一级绿肥，结果期和果熟期为二级绿肥，落叶期为三级绿肥；6年生黄芪茎叶中，从苗期至开花期为一级绿肥，从结果期至落叶期为二级绿肥。黄芪茎叶是一种优质的绿肥，可以大面积推广使用。

A stragalus membranaceus which is excavated the root as the medicinal between 3 to 7 years is a perennial herb of Leguminosae A stragalus genus. In order to develop and utilize the wasted cauline leaf in the growth of the reciprocating cycle whether it can be used as a green manure to promote the development of ecological agriculture. To analyze and evalute the content of the coarse organic matter and 12 large and trace elements such as total N, total P, total K of the A stragalus membranace us stem leaf in different growth period, which based on the organic fertilizer quality classification standard and the average content of large and trace elements in higher plants. The results show that the content of coarse organic matter, total N, total K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo belongs to the higher level, total P and Mn belongs to medium level, Mg, S and B is the lower level. The evaluation results show that Astragalus membranaceus stem leaf of green manure are above tertiary green manure. In the 3 years, Astragalus membranaceus stem leaf, seeding stage, the bud period, florescence and fruit ripe period are the first level green manure, fruit period and deciduous period are the secondary green manure. In the 5 years, Astragalus membranaceus stem leaf, from seeding stage to florescence is the first level green manure, fruit period and fruit ripe period are the secondary green manure, deciduous period is tertiary green manure. In the 6 years, Astragalus membranaceus stem leaf, the first level green manure is from seeding stage to florescence and the secondary green manure is from fruit period to deciduous period. It can be concluded that the Astragalus membranaceus stem leaf is a high-quality green manure and can be used for large area.