油气管道安全管理的思考与探索

Thinking and exploration on the safety management of oil/gas pipeline

我国油气管道建设正处于蓬勃发展的阶段,但同时也面临着新老管道交替,处于事故多发期的严峻挑战。近年发生的多次管道事故暴露出国内在完整性管理、应急响应和监管体制等方面存在的不足。为此,对国外油气管道监管体制、法规和标准等进行调研和分析,对我国油气管道的监管机制及法规、标准现状进行探讨,研究指出:为了保障管道安全、高效、可靠运行,需要明确政府监管和企业管理的职责,完善政策法规,落实监管机构和体制,改进技术标准规范的技术水平和编制模式。并提出建议:将完整性管理写入《石油天然气管道保护法》,系统搭建管道应急技术平台,推动管理人员资质管理等。

In China, oil/gas pipelines are under vigorous construction, but the alternation of new and old pipelines may be accompanied with severe challenges of incidents. Many pipeline accidents occurred in recent years have revealed the deficiencies in domestic integrity management, emergency response and regulatory systems, etc. Therefore, regulatory systems and laws and standards for oil/gas pipelines abroad are investigated, and those in China are also discussed. Results show that, to ensure pipelines are safe, efficient and reliable, it is necessary to define the responsibilities of government regulation and enterprise management, to improve policies and regulations, to specify clearly the regulators and the system, and to improve the technology level and compiling mode of technical standards. Moreover, recommendations are proposed that integrity management is included into the Law on the Protection of Oil and Natural Gas Pipelines; pipeline emergency technology platform is set up systematically; qualification management is promoted for management personnel.