上海地区居民健康与居住环境的关联性分析

Correlation Analysis of Residents' Health and Dwelling Environment in Shanghai

为了解东南沿海地区居民健康的现状及其与居住环境的关联性,选取上海作为代表城市进行了问卷调查.结果显示,居民健康方面,老年人群的慢性病患病率高达70%,中年人群患病率最高的是呼吸道疾病和消化道疾病,儿童近期鼻炎自诉患病率高达45%;居住环境方面,近50%的被调查住宅存在夜间光污染、长期噪音干扰、室内灰尘过多、室内油烟过多、室内明显异味等环境问题,90%的被调查者对卧室空气品质尤为关注.关联性分析表明,良好的卫生习惯可降低居民患病率,而室内吸烟、油烟、潮湿、异味是引起居民健康问题的危险因素.

Shanghai was selected for a questionnaire investigation to explore the correlation between residents＇ health and dwelling environment in South-East China. The results indicated that the prevalence of non-infectious chronic diseases in the elderly was as high as 70%, the most prevalent diseases in the mid dle-aged were respiratory tract diseases and gastrointestinal diseases, and 45% of the children suffered from rhinitis in the last 12 months prior to the study. The results also showed that nearly 50% of the residential area had such problems as light pollution, long-term noise, dust, cooking fumes and unpleasant odor. Moreover, 90% of the residents had a strong wish to inspect the air quality in their bedrooms. The logistic regression analysis indicated good health habits would significantly reduce the diseases prevalence among residents while indoor smoking, cooking fumes, dampness and unpleasant odor could significantly increase residents＇ health risk.