HS-SPME和VDE两种方法对普洱茶香气成分分析的比较研究

Comparison of Two Analysis Methods on Aroma Components of Pu-erh Tea: HS-SPME and VDE

为比较顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)和减压蒸馏萃取(VDE)两种香气成分提取前处理方法,取大益7542普洱茶样分别用两种方法进行处理,结合GC-MS气质联用进行香气含量检测。结果表明,HS-SPME法共提取到50种香气物质,VDE法共提取到82种香气物质,共有24种香气物质可使用上述两种方法检测;HS-SPME法可提取物质脂溶性和水溶性物质(如香叶醇、异植醇、植醇、植酮、棕榈酸、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、1,4-二十烷双烯)和脱氢类物质(如脱氢芳樟醇和脱氢-β-紫罗兰酮),但不能提取醛类香气物质;VDE法只能提取水溶性香气物质;上述两种方法都能检测醇类、酚类、酸类、酯类、芳香烃类、杂环化合物(含氮化合物)和杂氧化合物,含量各有高低。

Two pretreatment methods of aroma components extraction of head space-solid phase microex- traction （HS-SPME） and vaccum distillation extract （VDE） were compared. 7542 Pu-erh tea samples of TAETEA were processed by two methods, and the aroma components were analyzed with GC-MS. The results showed that 50 aroma components were detected with HS-SPME method, and 82 aroma com- ponents with VDE method. There were 24 aroma components that could be detected with two methods. HS-SPME could be used to extract fat soluble and water-soluble aroma components, such as some fat-sol- uble aroma for geraniol, isophytol, phytol, 2-pentadecanone, 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-, n-hexadecanoic acid, phenol, 2, 4-bis （l, 1-dimethylethyl） -1, 4-eicosadiene, and dehydrogenation substances such as hotrienol, 4- （2, 6, 6-trimethylcyclohexa-1, 3-dienyl） -but-3-en-2-one, but could not ex- tract aldehydes. VDE could only extract water-soluble aroma components. Both methods could extract alcohols, acids, esters, ketones, phenolic, aromatic hydrocarbon, heteroeyclic compounds and oxy- gen heterocyclic compounds.