先天性心脏病患儿心脏结构和功能改变对生长发育评估价值的研究进展

Value of Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes in Evaluation of Growth and Development of Children with Congenital Heart Disease

评估儿童生长发育的因素有身高、体质量、骨龄、内分泌激素等,生长激素(growth hormone,GH)不仅与儿童生长发育关系密切,当其缺乏时亦会对心脏结构和功能造成损害。先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)患儿生长发育明显落后于正常儿童,肺动脉高压、GH-IGF轴功能紊乱是目前已得到证实的危险因素。本综述从CHD的发生、发展阐述其引起生长发育落后的相关机制及心脏结构和功能改变对儿童生长发育的评估意义。

The factors for assessing the growth and development of children include height, weight,bone age,endocrine hormones,etc.Growth hormone （GH）is closely related to child growth and development.GH deficiency can damage cardiac structure and function.The growth and development of children with congenital heart disease（CHD）obviously lag behind normal children.Pulmonary hypertension and GH/IGF axis dysfunction have been confirmed as the risk factors.In this review,we summarize the mechanisms of growth retardation caused by CHD and the value of cardiac structural and functional changes in the evaluation of the growth and develop-ment of children.