底辟模糊区地震资料处理关键技术

The Key Processing Techniques of Seismic Data in Diapiric Fuzzy Region

底劈构造在地震剖面上主要表现为模糊区,会给解释工作造成一定的困难,需要在资料处理中进行针对性的技术攻关。本文在详细分析底辟模糊区地震资料特点的基础上,针对崎岖海底强绕射多次波干扰,浅部气层吸收造成高频成分缺失,复杂断裂结构造成成像差等问题,提出了一项行之有效的数据处理对策。经实例证明,通过采用高保真LIFT技术衰减噪音,3DSRME、高精度Radon变换、以及LIFT等技术压制多次波,多域相干加强、优势信号增强等提高信噪比,高精度地震速度建模以及各向异性叠前深度偏移等关键处理技术,很好地压制了复杂的强绕射多次波,极大地提高了底辟模糊区地震资料的信噪比,地震剖面的成像质量得到显著提高,为后续对底劈带内的进一步研究提供了更加可靠的地震资料。

The diapiric structure in seismic profile mainly presents as the fuzzy region, which may cause some difficulties for the interpretation work and will need some specific technology breakthrough in data processing. Based on the detailed analysis of characteris- tics of seismic data in diapiric fuzzy region , this paper proposes effective data processing countermeasure towards the problems, including rough seafloor＇s strong diffraction multi ple interference, high--frequency component missing caused by shallow gas absorption, and poor imaging caused by complex fault structure. The example has proved that by using some key processing technologies, including high fidelity LIFT technology to reduce noise, 3DSRME, high resolution Radon transform, and LIFT technique to suppress multiple, multi--domain coherent enhancement, preponderant signal enhancement to improve the signal--to--noise ratio, high precision seismic velocity modeling and anisotropic prestack depth migration, the strong diffraction of complex multiples are suppressed, signal to noise ratio of seismic data in diapiric fuzzy region is greatly improved, and the seismic imaging quality is significantly improved, which provide more reliable seismic data for further study of the diapiric in future.