考虑时间要素的农产品供应链均衡问题研究

A Study on the Equilibrium of Product Supply Chain Network with Consideration of Time Factors

在考察动态网络下的农产品供应链的基础上,将时间要素引入到农产品供应链网络均衡问题研究中。对农产品的生产商,销售商和需求市场在时间变化时的独立决策行为和相互作用进行分析。利用变分不等式构建了农产品供应链的网络均衡模型,通过修正投影算法得出了时间与农产品交易量以及价格存在着密切的关系。分析可知随着时间配送的延长,各个节点的交易量以及需求市场的价格会呈现明显的下降趋势。由分析可知,为使得各方在农产品供应链中获得最大利润,需要加大物流配送力度来尽量保持农产品的新鲜度,从而增大供应链中的各节点的交易量、交易价格,而不必在意这样会带来物流成本的增加。

This paper targeted at supply chains of products in the dynamic networks, trying to introduce time parameter to the supply chain studies, and tried to analyze the strategy and corresponding interaction of the producers, retailers, and the market demands. Under the time-variant assumption, the paper constructed the time-variant model for product supply chains using variational inequality. Based on the model, the paper took into consideration a numerical instance in practice, solved this numerical instance by means of the extra-gradient method and find out the relationship between the time, the amount of the transactions and the price. The results show that the amount of transaction and the corresponding prices at all nodes will decrease significantly when the time for goods distribution increases. To obtain the most profits, what is need to do is to speed up the distribution, despite the higher cost in supply chains. This approach will keep the products as fresh as possi- ble, to increase the amount and price of intermediate transactions.