1902-1911年普通中小学堂图画课程改革述评

Study on the Reform of Drawing Curriculum in Ordinary Primary and Secondary Schools from 1902 to 1911

普通中小学堂图画课程是中国近代化的产物,从1902年"壬寅学制"在政策层面上确立了图画课程的地位开始一直到1911年,普通中小学堂图画课程进行了多次改革。这些改革开启了学校制度下中小学美术教育发展的进程,形成了重"技"的教育指导思想影响下的普通中小学堂图画课程,体现了浓厚的日本学校图画课程色彩,编纂了我国第一批普通中小学图画课程教科书。虽然受时代条件所限,这一时期课程实施效果不尽如人意,但却反映了近代中国美术教育学人在这一时期的艰难探索和追求。

The drawing curriculum in ordinary primary and secondary schools is a product of Chinese modernization. The Ren-Yin Schooling System which established the status of the drawing curriculum at the policy level lasted from 1902 to 1911. During that time it went through a number of reforms. These reforms opened the process of the development of art education under the primary and secondary schooling system, with the drawing curriculum being focused on techniques, reflecting a strong Japanese drawing curriculum influence. And the first batch of textbooks for the ordinary primary and secondary school drawing curriculum were compiled. Limited by times, the effect of curriculum implementation in this period is not satisfactory, but it reflected the difficult exploration and pursuit of Chinese art education scholars in this period.