发达国家和发展中国家企业对外直接投资动机——基于文献综述的比较研究

The OFDI Motivations of Developed and Developing Countries' Firms——A Comparative Study Based on Literature Review

在全球经济一体化背景下,企业对外直接投资行为的兴起激发了国内外学术界对其动机的研究。发展中国家和发达国家由于市场发展程度存在较大的差别,企业对外直接投资动机也大相径庭。通过对比归纳发现,发达国家企业对外直接投资动机较为集中,受东道国因素影响较多并大多有市场推动;而发展中国家企业对外直接投资动机较复杂多样,主要受母国因素影响且政府政策推动具有较大作用。这一比较研究也表明,在我国针对企业对外直接投资经济影响的研究中,应先考虑并区分不同动机企业对外直接投资产生的差异化结果。

In the context of global economic integration, the rise of firms＇ OFDI behavior has inspired the international a-cademic research of its motivations, but because there exist large difference in market development between developing and developed countries, the motivations of both countries＇ firms is also different. In this paper, we comprehensively review the re-search of firms＇ OFDI motivations of developed and developing countries according literature studying, according to summariz-ing and comparing, we find that the firms＇ OFDI motivation in developed countries is more concentrated, more affected by host countries＇ factors and most of them have market-driven; while the firms＇ OFDI motivation in developing countries is more complex and diverse, more affected by hone countries＇ factors and government＇s policy plays a important role. The comparative study in this paper also shows that in the research of the influence of China＇s OFDI on economy, we should consider and distinguish the different results producing by different motivations of OFDI.