《金枝》民俗描写反映的心理逻辑

Pyschologic Logic Reflected by the Description in The Golden Bough

民俗呈现在我们面前的一直是纷繁多样的印象,但是支撑包罗万象的表面现象背后的是稳固的心理逻辑结构,这就解释了不同地域文化圈原始民俗具有相似性的原因。原始民俗是古代社会人们的生活方式,弗雷泽在《金枝》中对原始民俗和巫术的描写反映了原始人普遍的心理逻辑。《金枝》中记载的原始民俗可以分为故事、习俗和信仰行为三大类,分别表现了原始人是如何解释、顺从和影响周围世界的。原始人用神话故事来解释世界的产生以及运行,用习俗制度来保证人们的行为规范,以顺从或者不触怒自然,又用巫术仪式来取悦自然以求得帮助。这些都基于人们先天的心理逻辑,以人类天或以天类人就是原始人在科学知识匮乏时代处理人与自然关系的重要逻辑。

Folklore shows in front of us by numerous and varied impressions, but behind the kaleidoscopic phenomena is a solid all-- encompassing psychological logical structure, which explains the reasons for the different geographical circles of primitive folks to have similarities. The primitive folklore represented the people＇s lifestyles in ancient societies, as Fraser＇s description of the primitive folklore and witchcraft in The Golden Bough, reflecting the primitive common psychological logic. The original folk ＂war＂ recorded can be divided into three categories of stories, customs and beliefs behavior, which respectively explain the performance of the primi- tive, obedience and influence around the world. Primitive people explain the world to produce and run with fairy tales, customs sys- tem to ensure that people with a code of conduct to obey or not to offend nature, but also with witchcraft rituals to please nature to seek help. These are based on people＇s innate psychological logic for the primitive humanoid to deal with the relations between man and nature in the era with lack of scientific knowledge.