传染病医院ICU住院患者发生医院感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of pathogenic distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infections of intensive care unit patients

目的研究传染病医院重症监护病房(ICU)住院患者医院感染的病原菌分布及耐药性。方法回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年1月武汉市医疗救治中心接诊发生医院感染的50例ICU住院患者的临床资料,分析构成的病原菌及耐药性。结果革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌和真菌各占检出菌株的33.33%,三者相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.0000,P=1.0000)。革兰阴性菌感染中以鲍曼不动杆菌最多,占16.67%;革兰阳性菌感染中以金黄色葡萄球菌最多,占11.90%;真菌感染中以白色假单胞菌最多,占21.43%。感染部位以下呼吸道的感染最多见,占78.0%;与其他部位感染率相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分离的病原菌大多数有一定的耐药性,并且多重耐药的趋势明显增加。结论传染病医院ICU住院患者感染主要发生于呼吸道,革兰阴性菌居多且耐药严重。

Objective To study pathogenic distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infections of intensive care unit （ICU）patients .Methods The dato of 50 ICU hospitalized patients from June 2012 to January 2014 in Wuhan City Medical Center were researched retrospectively for the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance .Results The percentage of Gram‐negative bacteria ,Gram‐positive bacteria and fungi was all 33 .33% ,there was no statistically significant difference among them（χ2 =0 .000 0 ,P=1 .000 0） .The most of bacteria infection was Acinetobacter baumannii ,it was 16 .67% in all infections .The most of Gram‐positive bacteria infection was Staphylococcus aureus ,it was 11 .90% in all infections .The most of fungal infection was white fake Aeromonas ,it was 21 .43% in all infections .Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection site as accounting for 78% in all infections ,there was a significant differences between it and other parts of infection（P＆lt;0 .05） .Most of the isolated bacteria had a drug resistance ,and the trend of multi‐drug resistance had increased significantly .Conclusion The most infection sites of ICU hospitalized patients is respiratory tract ,and almost in‐fects with the Gram‐negative bacteria and the drug resistant is serious .