“合境平安”:金门烈屿东林聚落的民间信仰及空间防御

Territory of Peace and Harmony:Folk Religion and Defense of Space in Donglin Village of Lieyu, Kinmen

在万物皆有灵的信仰模式下,传统汉人社会为了自身利益,发展出以"宫庙"为中心,运用各式厌胜物建构一套坚强的防御系统,并积极举行各式驱魔逐疫的仪式,以确保生存空间之洁净,企图追求所谓"合境平安"之和谐社会。本研究以东林为田野基地,探讨汉人社会民间信仰中"人、鬼、神"空间共处的关系结构,并从民间信仰中神灵信仰、禁忌面与神圣面、宗教仪式等层面来建构传统信仰的鬼神观;并藉由仪式的参与,了解当代汉人社会中无形的祭祀空间范围与有形的社会生活领域的关连性。

In the traditional Han Chinese society people believe that everything has a spirit. Based on the belief, a ＂defense system＂ is developed, which views the temple as its physical center. Supporting the system are talisman statues and objects placed in chosen locations within the territory protected by the system. In addition to physical structures and artifacts, a variety of exorcism rituals are held to purge the living environments of human being and eventually reach social harmony. This research focuses on Dongl/n, a village in I.deyu Isle off Kinmen Island, as the subject of field study. It seeks to understand the relational structure of human, ghost and god in the perceived space where they are believed to co-exist by Donglin villagers. Through studies on the tradition of worshiping gods and spirits, establishment of holiness and evil- ness, and practice of religious rituals, the researcher will discuss the construct of the belief of ghost and god by villagers of Donglin. Finally, the researcher will reveal the connection between the invisible space defined by religious rituals and the tangible society and domain of living as observed in some of the rituals.