铅炭电池的性能及其在电力储能中的应用

Performance of Lead-Carbon Batteries and Their Applications in Electricity Storage

铅炭电池是在铅酸电池的负极以不同方式加入具有双电层电容特性的炭，将铅酸电池的比能量优势和超级电容器大容量充放电的优点融合在一起的新型电池。铅炭电池具有高倍率充放电、浅充放状态下循环寿命长等优势，而这一优势正好与通过储能来平滑可再生能源输出、电网调频的功率需求相吻合。铅炭电池成本为150～200美元/（kW＆#183;h），是目前相对经济可行的电力储能技术路线之一。铅炭电池储能系统在光伏输出功率平滑和削峰填谷、风电输出功率平滑、电网调频示范项目中的成功应用，说明铅炭电池在电力储能方面具有很好的应用前景。

Lead-carbon battery whose negative electrode consists of lead and carbon with electric double layer capacitance characteristics in a number of ways is a new type of battery on the basis of lead-acid battery,possessing the traits of both high ratio energy of lead-acid battery and high-rate charge-discharge of supercapacitor.Lead-carbon battery has the advantages of high-rate charge-discharge and long cycle life at shallow state of charge and discharge,matching the power demand from renewable energy sources＇ smoothing and regulation services with using energy storage technologies.Lead-carbon battery is produced and sold at costs below the $150-200/（kW·h）,so it is one of technical routes of economically feasible electricity storage.The successful demonstration applications in solar smoothing and shifting,wind smoothing and frequency regulation services of lead-carbon battery energy storage systems show that lead-carbon battery has a bright prospect for the applications in electricity storage.