人工鱼礁的水动力学特性及流场效应分析

Analysis of hydrodynamic characteristics and flow field around artificial reefs

基于CFD方法,研究了立方体空心开孔人工鱼礁的水动力特性,用上升流和背涡流的体积为参数,分析了来流速度和开口比对流场效应的影响,得到了流场效应随来流速度和开口比的变化规律:上升流规模随流速的增大而增大,背涡流规模随流速的增大而减小;上升流和背涡流的规模均随开口比的增大而减小。鱼礁开口比是流场效应的主要影响因素,来流速度对流场效应的影响次之。

The hydrodynamic characteristics of cubic artificial reefs with different cut-openings are studied by CFD method in this paper. Based on two indicators that are volumes of upwelling current and wake vortices, the effects of inlet velocity and cut-opening ratio on the flow fields near the artificial reefs are analyzed. The results show that the volume ofupwelling increases with increasing inlet velocity, while the volume of wake vortices decreases when inlet velocity is increased. And the volumes of both upwelling current and wake vortices decrease with increasing cut-opening ratio. Comparing with inlet velocity, the cut-opening ratio of artificial reefs plays a more important role on the flow field.