塔里木河下游枣树根灌需水量与灌溉制度研究

Water Demand and Irrigation Scheduling of Root-zone Irrigation for Jujube Tree in the Downstream Area of Tarim River

为研究塔里木河下游枣树根灌需水量与灌溉制度,在不干涉当地灌溉习惯的前提下,于2012-2013年在塔里木河下游红枣生态经济林开展灌溉试验,采用TDR测定红枣生长期不同土层土壤体积含水量。结果表明,各灌溉周期前期土壤体积含水量的消退集中于20cm土层,后期土壤体积含水量的消退集中于80cm土层,40-60cm是土壤体积含水量的稳定层,可保证红枣正常生长;红枣生长期的实际日耗水量呈先增大后减小再增大的变化趋势,整个红枣生长期实际耗水量为639.26mm;参照当地管理者灌溉习惯和根灌条件下土壤体积含水量消退特征,制定红枣根灌灌溉管理制度。

To study the jujube water requirements and irrigation system by root irrigation,irrigation experiments were carried out in the jujube eco-economic forest of downstream area of Tarim river in2012 and 2013.Soil volumetric water content in different soil layers during growing season were determined by TDR.The results showed that,in each irrigation cycle,the fade away of 20 cm soil moisture content was obvious in the early,the fade away of 80 cm soil moisture content was obvious in the late,and 40-60 cm soil moisture stabilization layer ensured jujube growing well.Actual daily water consumption presented an increasing and then decreases and then increasing trend during the growing stages,the actual water consumption for jujube growing is 639.26 mm.Following local irrigation habits and referring to soil moisture subside features of root irrigation,root irrigation management system has been developed.