温和条件下水合肼催化分解制氢研究进展

Progress in the catalytic decomposition of hydrous hydrazine for hydrogen production at mild conditions

水合肼(N2H4·H2O)的氢质量分数高达8.0%,完全分解时副产物仅为N2,且在温和条件下物理化学性质较为稳定,因此可以作为一种理想的移动氢源,在一些特殊场合为燃料电池提供氢气。本文概述了温和条件下水合肼分解制氢反应所使用的催化体系,具体包括金属纳米粒子、复合氧化物及负载型催化剂。简要介绍了肼分解过程的机理,并分析了影响水合肼分解制氢选择性的因素,包括催化剂中活性金属的特性、反应条件及助剂的性质对催化剂选择性的影响。总结了现阶段水合肼分解制氢催化剂的优缺点,为进一步开发高效、高选择性的水合肼分解制氢催化剂提供借鉴,并为涉及N—H键及N—N键断裂的其他反应催化剂设计提供参考。

Hydrous hydrazine,N2H4·H2O,could be a promising hydrogen storage material due to its high hydrogen content （8.0wt%） and safe handling at mild conditions,with N2 as the only by-product. In this paper,the development of catalytic systems in hydrous hydrazine decomposition for H2 production was reviewed,including metallic nanoparticles,complex oxides,and supported catalysts. The mechanism of hydrazine decomposition was briefly introduced. The influencing factors for promoting H2 selectivity were discussed,including metal property,reaction conditions,and promoters. Also,the advantages and disadvantages of the reported catalysts were summarized,and performance development in hydrous hydrazine decomposition and other related reactions was also included.