厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)工艺的强化方法研究进展

Process enhancement of anaerobic Ammonium oxidation

厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)工艺是一种经济高效的新型生物脱氮技术,但是Anammox菌倍增时间长、对环境条件敏感、易受各类污染物的抑制等劣势成为其推广应用的重要瓶颈,对Anammox工艺进行强化可以有效解决这一问题。本文从Anammox菌的富集(包括加速颗粒化、使用生物膜、采用膜生物反应器等)、添加化学物质(二氧化锰、氧化石墨烯、铁离子、Anammox中间产物等)、施加物理场(超声波、磁场、电场等)以及生物强化和菌种流加等方面,介绍了目前国内外关于Anammox工艺强化的研究进展,分析了技术要点,解析了强化机理,最后指出未来的研究方向应集中于强化参数的优化、不同强化策略的综合作用、强化的长期作用效果以及对强化机理的深入研究等方面。

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation（Anammox） is a novel and cost-effective technology with high nitrogen removal capacity. However,the sensitivity to environmental conditions, and the vulnerability to many pollutants limit the applications of Anammox process. The process enhancement could be an effective measurement to solve these problems. This paper investigated the enrichment of Anammox（including the acceleration of granulation,adding the carrier for formation of integrated biofilm-granule system,the equipment of membrane biological reactor,etc.）,the addition of chemical substances（such as manganese dioxide,the graphene oxide,iron ion,the intermediate of Anammox etc.）,the application of physical field （including ultrasonic,magnetic field,electric field and so on） as well as bio-augmentation and sequential biocatalyst addition. This paper also analyzed the main technical focuses,explained the mechanisms,and compared the potential of different methods along with the deficiency. It was pointed out that certain aspects,such as the parameters optimization,the combination of different enhancement methods,and the long-term effects as well as the in-depth study of the mechanism,still need to be further investigated.