农民工的中等职业教育、在职培训与工资——基于校正多元样本选择偏差的分析

Rural Migrant Workers' Junior Vocational Education,On-the-job Training and Wages:A selection bias correction analysis based on the multinominal logit model

将雇主提供一年期及以上合同的工作作为稳定就业,将农民工的就业状态分为稳定就业、非稳定就业、未就业三种,在校正多元样本选择偏差的基础上估计了农民工稳定就业的工资方程和非稳定就业的工资方程,重点分析了中等职业教育和在职培训对农民工工资的影响.结果表明,中等职业教育对农民工获得稳定就业具有显著的正向影响,中等职业教育和在职培训对农民工稳定就业和非稳定就业的工资均具有正向影响,但对稳定就业工资的影响要显著大于对非稳定就业工资的影响.因此,政府应当继续加大农村地区职业教育的投入,同时鼓励用工企业对农民工开展与工作技能相关的在职培训,从而使农民工获得更为稳定的就业和更高的工资水平,顺利实现市民身份的转换.

We distinguish the stable job as signing over one year contract with employers and focus on the determinants of rural migrant workers＇ wages after correcting the selection bias based on the multinomial logit model, especiaIly the junior vocational education and on-the-job training. We find that junior vocational education can increase significantly the probability to gain stable job for a rural migrant worker. We also find that junior vocational education and on-the-job training can increase a rural migrant worker＇ s wages, no matter the worker have a stable job or have a non-stable job, but the increasing effect is bigger if the worker have a stable job. Therefore, the government should intensify efforts to junior vocatioual education for rural areas and encourage employers to carry out training related to job skills so that rural migrant workers can gain more stable job and higher income in order to achieve the process of citizens.