大黄鱼形态指标体系及雌雄差异分析

Analysis of Morphological Index System and Sexual Differences of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

为研究大黄鱼主要形态指标及雌雄形态差异,测量及分析了554尾大黄鱼12项计量性状及11项标准化性状.主成分分析表明,大黄鱼主要形态指标可分为整体框架结构、肥瘦程度、头部与吻长、躯干及尾部和胸腔纵切面大小5个指标;对计量性状分析显示,雌鱼个体间变异较雄鱼更大,雌雄形态差异较大的有体重、体高及体厚;对标准化性状分析显示,丰满度、体长∶体高、体长∶体厚、头长∶眼径及尾长∶尾柄高等5项性状的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中以体长∶体厚差异最大.这些性状可为雌雄辨别提供参考.

To study the main morphological indexes of large yellow croaker （Larimichthys crocea） and morphological variations between male and female, a total of 12 quantitative characters and 11 standardized characters of 544 individuals was measured and analyzed. Principal component analysis （PCA） indicated that the morphological index system of large yellow croaker could be classified into the overall framework structure, the level of obesity, the head and snout length, the trunk and caudal peduncle and the size of chest longitudi- nal section. The analysis of quantitative character showed that the variations in female were larger than in male, and the much larger sexual differences were found on body weight, body height and body thickness. Meanwhile, the analysis of standardized character revealed that five characters between male and female popu- lation were significantly different （P 〈 0. 01 ） , including fatness, body length to body height, body length to body thickness, head length to eye diameter and caudal peduncle length to caudal peduncle height. Among these differences, the most divergent character was body length to body thickness. These standardized characters would be useful for the sex discrimination of large yellow croaker.