《说文》或体与籀文字形辨考

On Distinction between Huo Style in Word and Expression and Zhou Calligraphic One

按照《说文》之序,结合甲骨文、金文等古文字形,对《说文》重文中的籀文、或体以及字头小篆作了字形比较,明晰了各字形的构形方式。可知,籀文和或体在形体和构形方式的不同特点:(1)在形体上,小篆或体的字形线条较匀称,籀文则略显肥圆;小篆或体比籀文更加简明、齐整,有的是对籀文直接或间接的省改,化繁为简,化难为易;(2)在构形方式上,小篆或体把一些以象形、会意构形的籀文字形通过增加部件或更换部件转换为形声字。通过比较籀文和小篆或体,可清晰地了解汉字的字形演变轨迹。

Based on inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells,this paper has made a contrast among Huo interpretation style in Word and Expression,Zhou and Xiaozhuan calligraphic styles according to the sequence of the book and made a dis-tinction between them.The author has found the different features between Huo and Zhou Styles：i.in form,both Huo and Xiaozhuan styles are slim and symmetric and are more tidy,some of them are the direct or indirect rewriting or omission of Zhou Style,and hence become much simpler and easier,whereas Zhou style seems a little round and stout;ii.in formation, both Xiaozhuan and Huo styles have changed some Zhou words which are ideographic and pictographic into phonograms. Through the contrast between the two,we can see the clear evolutionary trace of Chinese characters.