寒地水稻苗期耐碱研究及形态鉴定指标评价

Research on Seedling Alkali-resistant of Rice in Cold Region and Evaluation of Its Morphological Identification Indexes

为了探索碱胁迫对寒地水稻生长的影响,以15份水稻品种为研究对象,培养方式为液培,培养液为木村培养液。药剂处理使用Na2CO3+NaHCO3混合碱(质量配比1:3),溶液质量浓度为0.20%,分析了寒地水稻苗期耐碱性及形态鉴定指标。结果表明:0.20%混合碱胁迫后苗长和根系长度均有下降趋势,对根系的伸长生长抑制作用显著,但地上和地下部对碱胁迫敏感性不相关。碱胁迫延迟水稻的叶龄进程,降低叶面积、绿叶数、根系干质量、冠层干物质积累和根冠比,刺激水稻提前进入分蘖期。单株叶面积变化、绿叶数、根冠比和根冠长度比的相对值可作为水稻苗期耐碱性鉴定的形态指标。

In order to explore the effect of alkali stress on growth of cold rice,taking fifteen rice varieties as test materials by liquid culture.Mixed alkaline Na2CO3＋NaHCO3（mass ratio 1：3）was used as medicament,and mass concentration of solution was 0.20%.Seedling alkali-resistant of rice in cold region and its morphological identification indexes were analyzed.The results showed that shoot and root length tended to decrease under0.20% mixed alkaline stress.The inhibition for root elongation was the most significant,but the sensitivity to alkaline stress between aboveground and underground parts was not related.Leaf age process of rice was delayed under alkaline stress,and leaf area decreased,as well as the number of green leaf,root dry mass,canopy dry matter accumulation and root-shoot ratio,alkaline stress stimulated rice advance early into tilling stage.Change of leaf area per plant,green leaf number,root-shoot ratio and the relative value of length ratio of root to shoot could be used as morphological indexes for alkaline resistance identification at seedling stage of rice.