高割龄橡胶树PR107高产群体性状指标量化分析

Quantitative Analysis on Character Index of High Yield Population of PR107 at Older Tapping Age

为探索高割龄橡胶树高产栽培技术，采用相关、通径及线性回归分析，对海南省大丰农场23块21、23 a高割龄PR107胶园及其9个高产群体主要经济性状与产量进行统计分析。研究表明，在各主要经济性状中，对产量影响最大的是每公顷有效割株数，其次是年均割次株产干胶量，再之是年割胶刀数。生产中要以每公顷有效割株数为中心来合理安排割胶强度，对年割胶刀数进行合理的促控，保持适宜的高产群体，开割中后期注意刺激剂的施用，以既增加年均每割次株产干胶量，又不影响在割率才有利于高产。运用微机对三性状产量效应数学模型进行仿真模拟，得出高割龄PR107年产量≥1500 kg/hm2的栽培措施为：年均每割次株产干胶量79．82～85．26 g，年割胶刀数60．84～61．19，每公顷有效割株数393．52～422．37株。三因子取平均值时年单产预估为1988．10 kg/hm2。

To explore high-yielding cultural techniques of Hevea brasiliensis at older tapping age,the yield and its main economic characters of the PR107 clone population at older tapping age including 21 and 23 years old in 23 Hevea plantations,of which 9 were high-yield Hevea plantations, were analyzed with statistical meth-ods （ relation,path coefficient and multiple -liner regression analysis） .The results showed that the factor with the greatest effect on yield was the number of tappable trees per hectare,mean dry rubber yield per tree per tapping was the second,the number of tapping per year was the thirdT.he tapping intensity should be set rea -sonably centering attention on the number of tappable trees per hectare in natural rubber production,the num-ber of tapping per year should be promoted and controlled reasonably ,suitable high yield population should be maintained,attention should also be paid to the application of irritant in the middle and later stages of tapping, which increases mean dry rubber yield per tree per tapping and does not affect tapping tree percentage, and this is beneficial to yield.The mathematical models of three main yield traits were simulated with computer soft-ware,the conclusion was that the optimized cultivation conditions for the annual yield greater than or equal to 1 500 kg/hm2 of PR107 at older tapping age were 79.82~85.26 g of mean dry rubber yield per tree per tap-ping,60.84~61.19 tapping per year of tapping intensity and 393.52~422.37 plants of the number of tappable trees per hectare.The annual yield was estimated to be about 1 988.10 kg/hm2 when the average values were obtained from the three individual factors.