甘薯瘟田间自然诱发鉴定及系统聚类分析

The Resistance Evaluation of Natural Ralstonia solanacearum Nursery of Sweetpotato Varietie and Cluster Analysis

甘薯瘟田间自然诱发病圃法是目前自然接种类应用最广的方法,成本低、操作简便。国家甘薯产业体系"薯瘟病综合防治试验示范基地"代表性好、菌系单一,年度鉴定结果稳定可靠。2010—2012年对572份不同来源的甘薯品种进行抗瘟鉴定,结果表明参试品种除2010年鉴定出高抗(HR)水平的品系外,2011—2012年均未鉴定出高抗品系,抗病至高感材料在3年的连续鉴定中均有出现;其中对照品种新种花连续3年鉴定结果均为高感(HS),金山57在2010—2012的3年中分别表现为中抗(MR)、高感(HS)和感病(S),湘薯75-55在2010—2011年表现为抗病(R),2012年表现为中抗(MR);对照品种鉴定结果相对稳定,说明该病圃作为抗性筛选基地对甘薯后代品系进行抗瘟筛选有益于降低抗病育种的盲目性和年限;同时以3个对照品种在病圃中设置一定的试验区,鉴定后根据其病情数据开展系统聚类分析,发现试验区块中的对照品种发病相对稳定,但不同区块发病略有不同,尚待采取合理措施优化病圃内菌落分布,提高其可靠性和稳定性。

The resistance evaluation of sweetpotato varieties by natural Ralstonia solanarum nursery （ NRSN） is the most generally used inoculation method of easier operation,bigger capacity and reliable identifi-cation results.The NRSN located in Dayang Village,Dieshi Township,Fuding City is very suitable for nursery tests.NRSN method is an effective and prior way to get fine qulity and highly resistant germplasm.572 cultivated sweetpotato materials were tesed in this natural nursery in 2010-2012.Three check varieties were also tested in the field.The results showed except for those identified in 2010 no HR varieties were identified in 2011-2012;the results of identification for three years in succession showed that from R varieties to HS varieties appeared in this period.Meanwhile the check variety Xinzhonghua showed HS in all the three years,and Jinshan57 suc-cessively showed MR,HS and S;Xiangshu75-55 showed R in 2010-2011,and showed MR in 2012.The iden-tification results were relatively stable for the check cultivar.In the same time cluster analysis was used to eval-uate the NRSN with the disease data of the check varieties.The results showed that there was some diversity in different areas in the NRSN,reasonable measures should be taken to optimize the distribution of the pathogen communities in the NRSN to promote the reliability of the method.