木薯块根矿质元素分布规律研究

A Study of the Distribution of Mineral Elements in Cassava Root

为提高木薯块根的利用价值，采用等离子光谱发射法，测定了3个木薯品系的木薯肉、木薯皮中7种矿质元素含量，并研究其分布规律。结果表明：木薯肉干样含788．5～987．0 mg/hg K和86．0～104．6 mg/hg Mg，分别是木薯皮的1．1～1．9倍和1．3～2．5倍；木薯皮干样含545．0～658．0 mg/hg Ca、5．76～7．93 mg/hg Mn、3．40～7．16 mg/hg Fe、3．11～4．70 mg/hg Zn和0．36～0．84 mg/hg Cu，分别是木薯肉的10．3～14．0、4．2～10．4、1．7～4．6、1．7～4．9和1．0～4．6倍。比较相关干基研究结果，木薯皮的Ca、Fe含量分别是红枣的3．5～4．2、1．8～3．7倍，核桃的6．4～7．7、1．3～2．8倍，其Ca含量是杏仁的7．7～9．3倍，木薯肉Ca含量是糙米的1．2～8．1倍、马铃薯的33．8～92．8倍，且其K、Mg、Fe含量高于马铃薯，其Fe、Zn、Cu含量可与小麦相媲美。综上所述，木薯肉的部分矿质营养价值优于或不亚于上述粮食作物，而木薯皮比木薯肉矿质营养更丰富，其矿质营养的综合利用值得深入研究。

In the interest of improving the utilization value of cassava root,the contents of seven mineral elements were measured by using plasma emission spectrography and their distribution law in the flesh and cor-tex of three cassava clones was investigated.The results show that the contents of K and Mg in the dry flesh are 788.5-987.0 and 86.0-104.6 mg/hg,which are 1.1-1.9 and 1.3-2.5 times higher than those contained in the cortex;while,the contents of Ca,Mn,Fe,Zn,and Cu in the dry cortex are 545.0-658.0,5.76-7.93,3.40-7.16,3.11-4.70,and 0.36-0.84 mg/hg,which are 10.3-14.0,4.2-10.4,1.7-4.6,1.7-4.9 and 1.0-4.6 times higher than those in the flesh.Referring to the related researches,it was found that the contents of Ca and Fe in the dry cortex are 3.5-4.2 and 1.8-3.7 times greater than those in dates,6.4-7.7 and 1.3-2.8 times higher than those in walnuts,and.7.7-9.3 times higher than those in almond.The content of Ca in dry flesh is 1.2-8.1 and 33.8-92.8 times higher than that in brown rice and potato;while the contents of K,Mg,and Fe in the dry flesh are all higher than those in potato.The contents of Fe,Zn,and Cu in the flesh are on a par with those in wheat.Consequently,the nutrition values of some mineral elements scontained in flesh are better than or can match with those of the above crops,while the cortex is more minerally nutritious than the flesh.Therefore,exten-sive researches are worthy to be performed to address the comprehensive utilization of cortex mineral nutrition.