不同暖季型草坪草种耐淹性能评价

Evaluating Submergence Tolerance of Different Warm-season Turfgrass Cultivars

为明确我国南方河岸带广泛分布的几种植物在其原始生境季节性淹水胁迫下的生长情况,设置对照(不进行水淹,常规供水管理)、半淹(水位刚好淹没土面)和全淹(水位淹没并高于植株7 cm)3个处理,时间为30 d,利用相对修剪干重、相对恢复干重、相对地上部分干重和相对根系干重等指标,对几种暖季型草坪草的水淹胁迫下生长情况进行综合评价。结果表明:不同草坪草资源的耐淹性差异明显,在半淹处理30 d后,耐淹性由强到弱依次为伪针茅(Pseudoraphis spinescens)>双穗雀稗(Paspalum distichum)>杂交狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaalensis)>假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides)>海滨雀稗(Paspalum vaginatum)>狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon);在全淹处理30 d后,伪针茅和双穗雀稗的耐淹性最好,其植株能够迅速长出水面,而其余草种一直淹没在水中生长受到严重抑制,几乎停滞,综合分析后得到全淹处理下耐淹性由强到弱为伪针茅>双穗雀稗>杂交狗牙根>狗牙根>海滨雀稗>假俭草。同一种草坪草资源在半淹胁迫下其生长受到的伤害明显小于全淹胁迫,而不同生境的同种草坪草其耐水淹能力亦存在明显差异。表明伪针茅PX02、双穗雀稗P018、双穗雀稗P019、双穗雀稗P020、杂交狗牙根C751、杂交狗牙根C807及狗牙根C291具有较强的耐淹性,是理想的河岸带植被重建植物资源。

To determine the growth of several warm-season turfgrass cultivars which are naturally distributed in riparian zone after seasonal submergence,Three growth conditions of plants including complete submergence for 30 d （all plants growing under water with 7 cm higher than plant height）,partial submergence （water flooding soil surface） and a control （no submergence） are designed.Relative clipping dry weight （RCDW）,relative recovery dry weight （RRDW）,relative shoot dry weight （RSDW） and relative root dry weight （RDW） are investigated in order to evaluate the submergence tolerance of several warm—season turfgrasses.The results of comprehensive evaluation show that P.spinescens and P.distichum are submergence-tolerance species and able to grow quickly under water.The submergence tolerances of turfgrasses are significant difference among different species.The submergence tolerances of turfgrasses with partial submergence for 30 days are ordered as P.spinescens〉P.distichum〉C.transvaalensis×C.dactylon〉E.ophiuroides〉P.vaginatum〉C.dactylon,whereas the submergence tolerance of these species with complete submergence are ordered as P.spinescens〉P.distichum〉C.transvaalensis×C.dactylon 〉C.dactylon〉P.vaginatum〉E.ophiuroides.The submergence tolerance of the same species differs from different habitats.The growth of turfgrass is harmed significantly in complete submergence more than in partial submergence situation.The final results show that PX02 （P.spinescens）,P018 （P.distichum）,P019 （P.distichum）,C751‘Tifdwarf＇,C807‘Tifway＇ and C291 （C.dactylon） have strong resistance to submergence,and are the ideal materials of vegetation reconstruction in natural riparian zone.