汉语“给”与维吾尔语中bεr-的语法化对比

A Contrastive Analysisinthe Grammaticalization Processof Chinese“Gei(给)”Between“bεr-”in Uygur Language

文章借助语法化理论,结合对比语言学和语义学理论,以现代汉语中的"给"的语法化现象为例,对比现代维吾尔语中"bεr-"的用法和意义,从语义结构和句法环境角度全新阐述了二者语法化路径的异同:"给予"义是二者语法化的基础;特定的构式语境,使得二者凸显的语义焦点不同:在汉语普通话中"给"字语法化为介词凸现目标义,维语中则凸现"bεr-"的终点义。

Based on the grammaticalization theory, this paper explores the different approaches adopted by semantics structure and syntax context of Chinese ＂gei＂ between ＂bεr-＂ in Uygur language. The main ideas are as follows ： first , persistence of original lexieal meaning of ＂give＂ tends to adhere to ; Second, definite structural context causes to the difference of focusing on the semantics .Thus, ＂gei＂ is analyzed as an preposition constrained to purposive meaning and deriving historically from the motion verb ＂gei（给）＂ in modem Chinese ,while ＂bεr-＂ was reanalyzed as auxiliary promoted to movement entails and deriving historically from the motion verb ＂bεr-＂ in modem Uygur language