农地经营体制变革的法律问题探析——以松江新体制为视点

Analyze on Legal Issues of Farmland Management System Reform

近期兴起的"松江家庭农场经营体制"是对改革开放之后建立的"家庭承包经营体制"的重大突破。前者具有以下特色:1成为家庭农场经营者必须具备户籍、家庭人口、年龄、技能、职业活动等五个方面的条件。2家庭农场的规模较大,即80-150亩。3原始取得家庭农场经营权的依据是:流转合同加承包合同。4家庭农场经营期根据经营者是否具备条件而定。在实践中一般为三至十年。5家庭农场经营者在使用权、所获农产品的处分权、经营权的流转方面受到限制;6家庭农场经营者承担维持农业用途、维持农业生产经营、更好地保护和利用土地、缴纳土地流转费之义务。

The ＂Songjiang Family Farmland Management System＂ is a great breakthrough in the ＂house- hold Contract Management System＂ which was established after reform and opening. The former has the fol- lowing characteristics： （1） a family farmland manager must have five conditions： household registration, family members, age, skill and profession; （2） the size of the family farmland is bigger, which is 80-150 mu; （3） the original family farmland management is based on： transfer contract and undertaking contract; （4） the qualified managers determines years for the family farmland management, generally from three to ten years; （5） the rights of manager, the agricultural product disposition, and transfer contract must be restricted; 6. the family farmland manager has responsibility to keep the farm for agricultural production and operation, to make a better protection and utilization and to pay the land transfer fees.