南水北调中线工程汉江中下游襄阳段生态补偿标准探析

Ecological Compensation Standard of Xiangyang Section of Han River Middle and Lower Reaches in the Central Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

全面科学的生态补偿机制是南水北调工程顺利实施的关键之一.汉江中下游的生态补偿是南水北调工程补偿机制中不可或缺的组成部分,而生态补偿量的确定与分配是生态补偿机制建立的重点和难点.文章以汉江中下游襄阳市为补偿客体,运用机会成本和等标负荷量法,预测2020年汉江襄阳段因过境水量减少和水环境容量减少给襄阳市带来的损失,结果显示:过境水量减少使襄阳市各产业发展权受限,襄阳市应获得补偿金7.43亿元;水环境容量减少对襄阳市造成的年经济损失为2.39亿元.并基于此,分别以各受水区的受水量比例与最大支付能力两种方法来分配生态补偿量,对生态补偿分配方案进行了必要的探讨.

Comprehensive and scientific ecological compensation mechanism is a key point in the implementation of South-North water transfer project. While the ecological compensation of the Han River middle and lower reaches is one of the most important parts. And the quantity and distribution of compensation mechanism is the main problem. Based on the Xiangyang City, in the middle and lower reaches of Han River, as the compensation object, we use opportunity cost method and standard load method to predict losses caused by the reduction of water capacity and flow in the Xiangyang section of th Han River in the year 2020. And the results show that due to the decrease of water flow, the economy in Xiangyang is limited. The compensation of this part should be 743 million yuan. The economic loss caused by the reduction of water environment capacity is 239 million yuan per year. As a result, the ecological compensation coefficient is determined by the proportion of water amount in different receiving area and the maximum ability of payment respectively. Consequently, the ecological compensation schedule is discussed deeply.