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阿尔茨海默病的体液生物标记物研究进展 被引量:6

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摘要 阿尔茨海默病( AD)由德国精神病和神经病理学家Alois Alzheimer于1906年最早提出,是一种受年龄和遗传等多种因素影响的慢性神经退行性疾病。在各种易患因素中,年龄是AD最重要的影响因素,在65岁以上人群中,AD的发生率约为5%,而95岁以上人群中则高达40%~50%[1]。 AD以渐进性遗忘及相继其他认知功能障碍、行为异常、神经心理改变为特征;发病隐匿,呈进行性不可逆性进展。病理学上以神经炎性斑(NPs)又称老年斑(SPs)、神经原纤维缠结(NFTs)和脑血管淀粉样变性( CAA)为典型病理特征[2]。脑组织内淀粉样蛋白质片段异常增加或聚集是导致神经元死亡的主要原因。由于起病隐匿,早期诊断一直是困扰AD的瓶颈。随着对轻度认知功能损害( MCI )和生物标记物的研究深入,2011年美国国家衰老研究所( NIA )和阿尔茨海默病学会( AA)发布了新的AD诊断标准,NIA-AA诊断标准提出了全新的理念,将AD视为一个连续的疾病过程,分为AD所致痴呆( dementia due to AD)、AD所致轻度认知损害( MCI due to AD)以及临床前AD(preclinical AD)。新的AD诊断标准引入了生物标记物,为AD的临床诊断提供辅助依据。 AD生物标记物包括体液(脑脊液和血液)生物标记物、风险基因标记物和脑成像标记物等。本文就AD体液生物标记物的研究进展综述如下。
出处 《现代中西医结合杂志》 CAS 2014年第34期3867-3871,共5页 Modern Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
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参考文献42

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共引文献16

同被引文献64

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