1927年古浪8级地震的震灾特征与启示

Seismic hazard characteristics of and lessons from Gulang Ms 8 earthquake in 1927

1927年5月23日在甘肃古浪附近发生了一次8级大地震,震中烈度达Ⅺ度,造成数万人伤亡和大量建筑物毁坏,给人民生命财产造成了极大损失.根据历史地震记载资料和新收集补充的震害调查资料,首先分析了1927年古浪8级地震的地表破裂带特征,进而根据各破坏点的烈度情况,修改完善并重新编绘了本次地震的等震线图.分别从人员伤亡、房屋破坏、土地破坏、文物破坏及交通通讯破坏等方面分析了1927年古浪8级地震的震灾特征.地震引发的大规模滑坡、崩塌和严重的次生水灾等进一步加剧了震害程度,并造成了无法估量的文物群破坏.科学总结和分析本次地震的震灾特征,对未来的大震科学研究、震灾防御和应急救援等均有重要科学意义和实用价值.

On 23, May, 1927, an Ms 8 earthquake happened around Gulang county, Gansu Province and the epicenter intensity was Ⅺ, resulting in tens of thousands of casualties and damage to a large number of buildings. Based on the historical earthquake information as well as original and supplementary field investigation documents, this study comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of the surface rupture zone of the Gulang Ms 8 earthquake and then, according to the intensity of every damage district, the isoseismal line was amended and re-compiled. The characteristics of seismic hazards from casualties, house damage, land damage, cultural relic damage as well as communications destruction were discussed. The summary and analysis of the seismic hazards of the Ms 8.0 Gulang earthquake here would provide some important scientific implication and practical values in major earthquakes study, seismic hazard prevention and emergency rescue.