短侧链全氟磺酸膜材料

Short-side chain perfluorosulfonic acid membrane materials

提高运行温度能够克服氢燃料电池面临的许多困难,短侧链全氟磺酸膜在提高燃料电池性能方面具有很大的潜力。本文总结并比较了不同侧链长度的全氟磺酸膜在离子交换容量、加工成膜性能、机械强度以及降解稳定性方面的研究进展,介绍了国内外短侧链全氟磺酸燃料电池膜的研究现状。分析表明侧链长度明显影响全氟磺酸膜的综合性能,短侧链因不含醚键及叔碳原子,赋予磺酸树脂更好的稳定性和持久性,其优异的电导和保湿性能更适合在高温低湿等苛刻条件下应用。提出短侧链全氟磺酸膜未来的研发趋势,包括降低成本、兼顾高电导的同时保持较低的氢气或甲醇透过率、进一步明确传质及降解机理及提高实际运行的综合性能。

Increasing working temperature can improve performance of hydrogen fuel cells,while short-side chain （SSC） perfluorosulfonic acid （PFSA） displays a great potential in this aspect. The properties of PFSA membranes with different side chains are introduced and compared,including ion-exchange capacity （IEC）,processability,mechanical properties,and decomposition stability. The research status of SSC PFSA membrane in proton exchange membrane fuel cells （PEMFC） is outlined. The length of side chain affects performance of PFSA resins remarkably. Absence of ether group and tertiary carbon in SSC PFSA endows it with better stability and durability. Higher conductivity and water retention capability of SSC PFSA membranes make them more suitable for working under harsh conditions,like high temperature and low humidity. Research trends of SSC PFSA are illustrated, including reducing cost,lowering permeability of hydrogen and methanol,elucidating transport and degradation mechanism,and improving running performance under actual conditions.