三硅氧烷超润湿剂及其在植物叶表面超润湿铺展机理研究进展

Progress in trisiloxane superspreader and its superspreading mechanism on the surface of plant leaves

超润湿剂能够显著增大药液在植物标靶表面润湿沉积覆盖率,提高农药的利用率,提升农作物产量。具有独特结构的三硅氧烷聚醚型表面活性剂呈现出良好的超润湿铺展性。本文综述了植物叶表面的微观结构和润湿性、超润湿剂的结构与超润湿性关系,及从超润湿剂的浓度、溶液中聚集体形态、润湿基底、Marangoni效应、自亲效应等对超润湿性的影响不同角度地揭示了超润湿铺展机理,并对超润湿机理的深入研究提出了展望,为今后超润湿剂的设计合成和超润湿铺展机理的深入认识和研究提供了理论依据和指导。

Superspreader is a kind of pesticide agent,which can significantly increase the coverage area of pesticide solution on the surface of the plant leaf,and improve the utilization efficiency of the pesticide and the yield of crop. Trisiloxane polyoxyethylene surfactants with particular structure exhibits rapid spreading of pesticide solutions on low-energy plant surfaces , often called“superspreading”,has attracted considerable interest from chemists because of its theoretical and practical implications. In this paper,various theories have been presented to explain the superspreading behavior of the trisiloxane aqueous solution on low-energy hydrophobic surfaces. In this article, microstructure and wettability of the plant surface are reviewed , to study the superspreading mechanism,the influence of the structure of surpespreader,the change of the phase behavior and structures of surfactant aggregates in bulk solutions,different substrate hydrophobicity,marangoni effect of the surface tension gradients,and autophilic spreading on its superwettability are also discussed. In addition,problems existed in this research field and the prospect of superspreading mechanism are also given,which is providing a theoretical basis and guidance for the design and synthesis of surperspreader and its superspreading mechanism.