中国稀土出口案败诉的启示和产业政策调整

The Revelation of Chinese Rare Earth Export Cases and Adjustment of Industrial Policy

中国政府对稀土出口采取征收出口关税、出口配额措施、限制稀土出口企业资质三项管制措施被世贸组织争端解决机构裁定违规,中国援引GATT1994第20条一般例外条款中的(b)、(g)两项的抗辩失之勉强。面对稀土出口争讼案败诉的倒逼,中国政府应该停止被裁定为违反义务的出口管制措施,深度调整稀土产业政策,通过加强环保执法促使稀土开采和生产的环境成本内部化,提升稀土行业自治水平,遵守世贸组织规则,在此基础上大胆面对和利用国际市场竞争机制促进中国稀土产业的可持续发展。

To levy export tariffs,take export quota measures and restrict the export of rare earth enterprise qualification,these three control measures on exports of rare earths taken by Chinese government,which are ruled illegal by the WTO＇s dispute set-tlement body .China quoted GATT1994 general exception clause in article twentieth （b）,（g）loss barely.Facing the force of the export of rare earth dispute case lost,Chinese government should stop the export control measures that was found to be in vi-olation of the obligations,and adjust rare earth industry policy deeply.Through the strengthening of environmental law enforce-ment,to promote the internalization of environmental cost of rare earth mining.China should enhance the level of autonomy of rare earth industry,abide by the rules of WTO,promote the sustainable development of rare earth industry taking advantage of international market competition.