早熟型多花黑麦草生产性能及饲用品质研究

Growth Adaptabilities and Forage Qualities of Different Early Maturing Italian Ryegrass Varieties

为适应不同耕作制度以及作物茬口的需要,筛选具有较好生产性能的速生牧草品种,以6个早熟型多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）品种为材料,研究了不同品种的生长适应性和饲草品质.结果表明：6个品种（系）表现为越冬后早生速生,全生育期195～200 d,饲草产量主要集中于4月初的第1次刈割,约占总产量的50％.生物产量在不同品种之间差异显著（P＜0.05）,其中LM015生物产量最高,为12750kg·hm-2,Waseaoba次之,产量为12532 kg·hm-2,Sachiaoba最低,为11542 kg·hm-2.随生育期的推进,各品种的酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量增加,可溶性碳水化合物含量降低,干物质体外消化率下降.不同品种的单位面积总可消化养分产量存在显著（P＜0.05）和极显著（P＜0.01）差异,LM015的总可消化养分极显著高于其他品种（P＜0.01）,为8770kg·hm-2.综合饲草产量和饲草品质,LM015最好,Waseaoba次之,均适合该南京地区栽培利用.

In order to alleviate the tension of land resources and meet the needs of different farming systems and crop rotation systems,it is very important to screen fast-growing grass varieties with better production performance to meet the dual needs of food production and development of animal husbandry.Six early maturing type ryegrass varieties were selected,and the forage qualities and growth adaptabilities of different varieties were studied.The results show that all the six varieties grow fast in the early spring.The total growth periods of tested varieties are from 195 days to 200 days.The dry mass accumulations of different varieties are mainly concentrated in early spring,and the yields of first mowing take up 50 % of the total dry mass production.The biomass yields significantly differ from different varieties.The variety of LM015 has the highest biomass yield,12750 kg · hm-2,followed by Waseaoba,12532 kg · hm-2,and Sachiaoba has the worst,11542 kg · hm-2.The ADF and NDF contents of forage increase with forage growing,whereas soluble carbohydrate content and in vitro dry matter digestibility decrease.The yields of total digestible nutrients have significant （P〈0.05） or very significant difference （P〈0.01） among different varieties.The total digestible nutrient yield of LM015 is 8770 kg · hm-2,which is significantly higher than other varieties.Comprehensive analyses of forage yields and forage qualities indicate that LM015 has the best performance,and followed by Waseaoba.Both are suitable for cultivation as forage produce in Nanjing area.