氮肥追施时期对强筋小麦籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Topdressing Period on Grain Filling Characteristics of Strong Gluten Wheat

在大田条件下以强筋小麦新麦26为材料,采用Logistic方程拟合其籽粒灌浆过程并计算有关籽粒灌浆参数,探讨氮肥追施时期对强筋小麦籽粒灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,在不同追施时期处理下,强筋小麦籽粒千粒重呈"S"形增长;在相同的施氮水平下,灌浆持续时间、平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率以及灌浆进程的渐增期、快增期、缓增期长短等灌浆参数随氮肥追施时期的变化而有差异;孕穗期是较适宜的氮肥追施时期,可以保证在灌浆后期有充足的氮素供应,延长缓增期的灌浆持续时间,进而有利于粒重和产量的提高。

Using strong gluten variety Xinmai 26 as material,the grain filling progress was fitted and the parameters were calculated by Logistic equation under field condition to discuss the effect of nitrogen topdressing period on grain filling characteristics. The results showed that the increase of 1 000- grain weight showed S type under different topdressing periods. Under the same nitrogen application amount,the grain filling duration time,average filling velocity,the maximum filling velocity as well as the duration time of three stages in filling progress were variant among different treatments. Topdressing at booting stage was proved to be the best for ensuring nitrogen supplying at late filling stage and extending duration time of the slowly increasing stage,which was benefit for increasing seed weight and yield.