一种铁皮石斛立体栽培方法的研究

Dendrobium officinale stereoscopic cultivation method

为了充分利用铁皮石斛设施栽培空间,揭示铁皮石斛立体栽培产量与功效成分的变化规律,提高产品质量、产量与效益。通过田间试验,研究铁皮石斛立体栽培的农艺性状、产量的变化规律;用苯酚-浓硫酸法与2010年版《中国药典》附录ⅩA测定多糖与浸出物含量。结果表明,铁皮石斛立体栽培土地利用率提高2.74倍,茎、叶、总鲜重与干重均高于地栽,多糖含量均值与地栽没有显著差异,但浸出物含量、多糖与浸出物总量明显高于地栽,特别是顶端2层多糖含量、多糖与浸出物总量明显高于其他层次与地栽。立体栽培能有效地提高空间利用率、单位面积产量,多糖与浸出物总量明显高于地栽;立体栽培层间铁皮石斛多糖存在极显著差异,可能与光照因子相关。

The study is aimed to make the most of available space of Dendrobium officinale cultivation facility, reveal the yield and functional components variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale, and improve quality, yield and efficiency. The agronomic traits and yield variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were studied by operating field experiment. The content of polysaccharide and extractum were determined by using phenol-sulfuric acid method and 2010 edition of ＂Chinese Pharmacopoeia＂ Appendix X A. The results showed that the land utilization of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale increased 2.74 times, the stems, leaves and their to- tal fresh or dry weight in unit area of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were all heavier than those of the ground cultivated ones. There was no significant difference in polysaccharide content between stereoscopic cultivation and ground cultivation. But the extractum content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum were significantly higher than those of the ground cultivated ones. In addition- al, the polysaccharide content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum from the top two levels of stereoscopic culture matrix were significantly higher than that of the ones from the other levels and ground cultivation. Steroscopic cultivation can effectively im- proves the utilization of space and yield, while the total content of polysaccharides and extractum were significantly higher than that of the ground cultivated ones. The significant difference in Dendrobium polysaccharides among the plants from different height of stereoscopic culture matrix may be associated with light factor.