三叶木通种子的解剖学研究

Study on morphology and anatomy of Akebia trifoliate seeds

三叶木通全株均可入药,具有多种药理作用,但种子解剖结构的相关报道较少,该文研究了三叶木通果实与种子的形态结构以及种皮、珠孔区、胚及胚乳的解剖学特征,为木通属的系统分类研究以及药材预知子的鉴定及开发利用提供依据。结果表明三叶木通种子的种皮由表皮细胞、厚壁细胞层、薄壁细胞层和色素层构成。珠孔区基部的外表皮细胞特化成了白色的种埠状结构,珠孔区的种皮含有大量的木质化结构。胚乳细胞分2层,外层黄棕色的胚乳细胞含有大量油滴,内层白色胚乳细胞含大量的糊粉粒和拟晶体。

Akebia trifoliate has been reported to have many pharmacological activities and the roots, petioles and seeds are used to different symptoms. However, the structure and anatomy of its seeds was almost not reported until now. In the present study, we investigated the morphological characters of the fruit and seed, and the anatomical characters of the testa, micropyle, embryo and endosperm, which could provide evidences for the study on classification, identification and application of A. trifoliate. Our results showed that the testa of A. trifoliate consisted of an epidermic cell layer, the sclerenchyma cells layer, the parenchyma cells layer and an innermost pigment layer. At the micropylar region, the outermost epidermal cells were specialized the white caruncle-like structure and the testa included a lot of lignified tissues. Endosperm comprises two layer cells. Outermost yellowish-brown layer cells contains lots of fat droplets, and innermost white layer cells contains lots of aleurone grains and crystalloids.