长期服用人参皂苷大鼠尿液代谢组学研究

Urine metabonomic study on long-term use of total ginsenosides in rats

人参因对机体的整体调节和促进作用,其长期服用具有一定滋补功效。然而其滋补作用的靶点以及长期服用对于机体可能带来的毒副作用并不是很明确,尿液代谢组学的方法因其非侵入、同时监测机体整体代谢状态的特点,适用于中药的长期药效及药理毒理研究。该研究以实验大鼠为对象,利用代谢组学技术分析其尿液代谢物组成的动态变化,分析长期服用人参主要有效成分——人参总皂苷对大鼠机体尿液代谢谱的影响。结果显示短期和长期服用人参皂苷均不会对正常大鼠尿液的代谢组造成非常显著的影响（主成分分析分组不能成功建模）,相比之下,服用人参皂苷在短期内（1~3周）对机体尿液的代谢谱影响最大,包括能量代谢、儿茶酚胺类物质以及氨基酸类神经递质代谢,中期（6~10周）作用的逐渐减小,长期（27周）几乎无作用,同时证明短期和长期服用人参皂苷对机体无明显的毒副作用。

Due to its effect of systems regulation and promotion on body, Ginseng is always referred to be long-term used as a dietary supplement. But it was still unclear about its target of the tonic effects and also the side-effects long-term use may bring. Urine metabolomic method is suitable for long-term studies of pharmaco-dynamics, pharmacology and toxicology of traditional Chinese medi- cine because of its characteristics of non-invasive and monitoring the whole-body metabolism. This study was designed to detect the dy- namic variation of rat urine metabolome along with a long-term administration of total ginsenosides using GC-TOF based metabolomic technology. Our resuh showed that either short-term or chronic administration of ginsenosides did not impact the rat urine metabolome significantly （as the PCA subgroup was not successful）. By comparison, the short-term（ 1-3 w） dose of ginsenosides had the biggest metabolic influence including TCA cycle, catecholamines and neurotransmitter amino acids. Medium-term （6-10 w） dose had a gradually lower effect and long-term （27 w） dose almost had no effect. Our study indicates that both short and long term administration of ginsenosides showed almost no obvious side-effect on the experimental animals.