高压静电水处理器腔内电场分布分析与阻垢效果研究

Electric Field Distribution Analysis and Scale Inhibition Effect Research on Intracavity of High-voltage Electrostatic Water Processor

利用自制的“高压静电水处理器”对电厂循环冷却水进行了动态模拟阻垢研究，从理论与实验的角度，分析了高压静电水处理器腔内电场分布。研究表明，离子棒高压静电场为双介质非均匀径向稳恒高压静电场，静电场中 PTFE 介质层构成离子棒绝缘层，水介质层构成循环冷却水与电场进行能量交换的空间；应用拉普拉斯方程对水介质空间电场分布分析表明，循环水空间的电场能量密度在10^-32~10^-30 J/mol数量级，远未达到水分子团簇氢键破裂的能量级别，因此离子棒提供的电场能量只起到促使水分子团簇向氢键断开的方向变化，而未提供水分子团簇氢键断开的全部能量；高压静电场的阻垢作用关键是使水中成垢离子的结晶形态发生变化，电场能量使热平衡体系中的自由能ΔG增加，导致文石晶核形成的几率增大，文石晶体呈粉末状，易随水流冲走而减少了在换热表面的沉积，从而抑制方解石型水垢生长。

The home-made “high-voltage electrostatic water processor” was used to conduct a dynamic simulation study on the scale inhibition of the circulating cooling water in the power plant. The electric field distribution in the chamber of high-voltage electrostatic water processor was analyzed from the theoretical and experimental perspectives. The study showed that the ion-stick high voltage electrostatic field（HVEF） is a dual media non-uniform radical steady HVEF; the PTFE medium layer in the electrostatic field constitutes the ion-stick PTFE insulation layer;the water medium layer constitutes the space of energy exchange between the circulating cooling water and the electric field. Analysis of the electric field distribution of the water medium space using the Laplace equation suggested that the energy density of the electric field of the space is 10^-32~10^-30 J/mol, which is far less than the energy that can make the hydrogen bonds in the water molecule cluster break. Thus, the electric field energy supplied by the ion-stick can only induce the breaking orientation of the hydrogen bonds in the water molecule cluster, without being able to supply the entire energy to make them break. The key role of HVEF scale inhibition is to change the crystalline form of the scale-forming ions in the water. The electric field energy makes the free energy, ΔG, of the thermal equilibrium system increase, resulting in increased possibilities of aragonite nucleation. Aragonite crystal exists in the form of powder which can be easily washed away, and thus reduces the deposition on the heat-exchange surface. In this way, the growth of the calcite scale is inhibited.