才子风流与儒者气象——柳永与朱熹文化人格比较

Merry Scholar and Loyal Confucianist—— A Comparison of the Cultural Characters between Liu Yong and Zhu Xi

柳永和朱熹一生皆仕途坎坷,而在生命格调、精神风貌和行为方式方面却迥异其趣,代表了中国士人截然不同的文化人格、精神追求和行为方式,反映了传统文化中个性价值和群体价值的深刻矛盾。从三个方面比较柳永与朱熹文化人格的不同:薄于操行的风流浪子与克己自律的道学家、歌功颂德的干谒者与狷介刚直的道学诤臣、进退失据的词人与淡泊自守的晦翁。

Though both unsuccessful in their official career during their lifetime, the two gifted sholars, Liu Yong and Zhu Xi, are very different from each other in terms of their lifestyle, ideal and behaviour. In this paper, their respective cultural characters are compared from such three aspects： a merry prodigal of easy virtue vs a self-disciplined moralist, one who always sing others’ praises and eager to ask their favour vs one who is upright and loyal chancellor of Neo-confucianism, and a man of letters who often hesitates and wants to have both ways vs a man who lives a simple life and seeks no wealth and fame. The two represent entirely different types of Chinese scholars and reflect the profound contradiction between the values of an individual and those of a group both rooted in a traditional cul-ture.