POCT 在肿瘤标志物检测领域的应用与发展

Application and development of point-of-care testing in domain of tumor markers

恶性肿瘤是我国最常见的导致死亡的疾病。由于病因与发病机制复杂，且缺乏早期诊断的特异性指标，导致诊断和治疗滞后，病死率高。随着基础研究的发展，越来越多提示早期肿瘤存在的特异性标志物被发现，但目前的检测大多依赖于大型医院的专业实验室，耗时长，价格昂贵，给患者在时间和经济上带来诸多困难且在医疗资源匮乏地区难以推广。近期新兴的检验模式POCT发展迅猛，因其设备便携，获得结果迅速，可在社区等基层医疗机构以及经济落后地区开展，有利于人群中肿瘤标志物（ TM）的筛查。通过POCT在TM领域的应用，以期实现对肿瘤早发现、早诊断、早治疗，降低死亡率。

Malignant tumors are the most common lethal diseases in China.Because of complexity of etiology and pathogenesis , and the lack of specific markers for early diagnosis , delayed diagnosis and treatment of cancer , the fatality rate is high.With the development of basic research , more and more early specific markers were found , but the current detection mostly depend on the professional laboratories , time-consuming , high price and have a number of inconveniences to patients on time and money.Meanwhile , it′s difficult to extend to zoon of medicine resources deficient.Recently, point-of-care testing （POCT） has been rapidly developed , because of its portability , getting results quickly , can be operated in basic medical units and economic backward areas , so it′s benefit to cancer screening in human.By the application in tumor markers, POCT can be done for the cancer early detection , early diagnosis and early treatment , so then cuts the death rate.