成人上颌窦与磨牙关系的影像学研究

Radiographic study of maxillary sinus associated with molars in adult

目的:通过测量成人上颌窦容积、窦嵴距和计算气化系数,探讨上颌窦容积和牙槽骨骨量的关系及磨牙脱落对上颌窦的影响。方法:收集190例(361侧上颌窦)患者的CT影像学资料,121例(242侧)正常者为A组;42例(65侧)例磨牙部分脱落者为B组,其中31侧上颌窦1颗磨牙脱落为B1组,22侧上颌窦2颗磨牙脱落为B2组,12侧上颌窦3颗磨牙脱落(残留1颗)为B3组;27例(54侧)上颌牙全部脱落者为C组。通过测量上颌窦容积、窦嵴距和上颌窦各径线,并计算气化系数,分析上颌窦容积与窦嵴距的关系;对比分析3组上颌窦各径线、气化系数、上颌窦容积及窦嵴距的差异。结果:A组上颌窦容积和窦嵴距呈负相关(r=-0.63,P<0.05);A组窦嵴距大于其他2组(P<0.05),而B组窦嵴距又大于C组(P<0.05);C组上颌窦前后径及左右径分别大于A、B组(P<0.05);C组气化系数小于A、B组(P<0.05)。结论:上颌窦容积和牙槽骨骨量呈负相关,上颌牙全部脱落促进上颌窦变形,上颌窦容积有减小趋势。

Objective：To explore the relationship between the maxillary sinus volume and the amount of alveo- lar bone, and the effect of molar loss upon the maxillary sinus was further analyzed,by measuring adult maxillary sinus volume, sinus ridge distance, and calculating the gasification coefficient of maxillary sinus. Method：One hun- dred and ninety cases （361 maxillary sinus） with CT examinations were collected, they were divided into group A and group B, 121 cases （242 maxillary sinus） of normal subjects served as group A,42 cases （65 maxillary sinus） with molar part off were B group, in which 31 maxillary sinus with a molar loss were group B1,22 maxillary sinus with two molar loss were B2 group, 12 maxillary sinus with three molar loss （one molar remains） were B3 group, 27 cases （54 maxillary sinus） with upper teeth off were C group. Bymeasureing the maXillary sinus volume, sinus ridge distance and the size of the maxillary sinus, calculating the gasification coefficient, we analyzed the relation- ship between maxillary volume and sinus ridge distance, and comparatively analyzed the differences among the three groups in the size, gasification coefficient, volume of maxillary sinus and sinus ridge distance. Result： In the normal group, the volume of maxillary sinus and sinus ridge distance had a correlation coefficient of -0.63, （P（ 0.05） ;Sinus ridge distance in group A was larger than the other two groups （P〈0.05）, and larger in B group than in C group （P〈0.05）, anteroposterior maxillary sinus diameter and reft-right diameter in C group was grea- ter than in A group and B group（P〈0.05）, group C gasification coeffiecent was less than A group and B group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The volume of maxillary sinus is negatively correlated with the amont of alveolar bone; Upper teethrs shedding promotes maxillary sinus deformation; Maxiuary sinus volume has a tendency to decrease.