高龄白内障患者术毕前房注射地塞米松临床观察

Clinical research of dexamethasone injection into anterior chamber when complete senile cataract surgery

目的 探讨高龄白内障患者术毕前房注射地塞米松注射液的临床疗效和安全性.方法 于2011年1月至2013年1月在眼科就诊的100例高龄（＞80岁）的单纯性白内障患者,均排除糖尿病及其他眼部疾病.将所有患者分为实验组和对照组,每组均为50例（50只眼）,均由相同的专业技术医师行小切口白内障囊外摘除＋人工晶状体植入术.实验组术毕于前房内注入地塞米松注射液0.5 mg,对照组不干预.术后裂隙灯下观察角膜水肿、前房渗出、房水闪辉情况、对比眼压等.结果 经两独立样本的秩和检验分析实验组角膜水肿、前房渗出、房水闪辉较对照明显减轻,比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;而通过HotellingT2检验实验组与对照组眼压差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 单纯高龄白内障患者术毕前房注射地塞米松注射液,可有效地减轻术后角膜水肿及前房炎症反应,对眼压无明显影响,无并发症发生.该方法安全、有效地提高了手术效果.

Objective To study the clinical curative effect and safety of anterior chamber injection of dexamethasone on senile cataract surgery.Methods By using randomized controlled methods,100 cases of senile cataract （older than 80 years old） were randomly divided into two groups.Experimental group and control group,50 cases in each group,two groups were performed through small incision cataract extracapsular extraction plus IOL implantation.Experimental group received 0.5 mg injection of dexamethasone into the anterior chamber when surgery completed,while control group was not.The postoperative corneal edema,corneal endothelial cell density,anterior chamber exudate,aqueous humor flare,and intraocular pressure were observed.Results The corneal edema,corneal endothelial cell density,anterior chamber exudate,aqueous humor flare in experimental group compared with the control group had statistically significant,however the intraocular pressure had no statistical significance.Conclusions Anterior chamber injection of dexamethasone when senile cataract surgery complete can effectively reduce postoperative corneal edema and anterior chamber inflammation,has no obvious effect on intraocular pressure,no complications occurred,and it is a safe,effective method.